All Contributors

Emily Morison Beck is the editor of Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations . This article is adapted from the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society.

Catharine Esther Beecher (1800-1878) was one of the most prominent and respected authors of her time, and a pioneer in the women's education movement. Born into the brilliant Beecher family, she was the sister

Robert L. Beisner, associate professor of history at American University, is the author of Twelve Against Empire (McGraw-Hill, 1968), the story of the anti-imperialists of 1898-1900. A portion of it appeared

Thomas G. Beiden is an engineer and historian, currently associated with the U.S. Air Force as an operations analyst. He and his wife, a free-lance writer, live in Maryland and wrote this special article based

Patricia W. Belding, a free-lance writer and librarian, lives in Barre.

Richard Bell is a professor of history at the University of Maryland. He is the author of Stolen: Five Free Boys Kidnapped into Slavery and Their Astonishing Odyssey Home, which was a finalist for the 2020

Bob Boze Bell is executive editor of True West magazine . His books include Classic Gunfights and The Illustrated Life and Times of Doc Holliday .

Catherine Belton is the former long-serving Moscow Correspondent for the Financial Times. She has previously reported on Russia for Moscow Times and Business Week.

In 2008, Ms. Belton was shortlisted for

Robert Charles Benchley (1889 – 1945) was an American humorist best known for his work as a newspaper columnist and writer for Vanity Fair and The New Yorker, and central member of the Algonquin Round Table in

Nathaniel Benchley (1915 – 1981), was an American author and longtime summer resident of Nantucket. Benchley wrote many children's/juvenile books and his 1961 novel The Off-Islanders was made into a motion

Robert Bendiner, who has interviewed Henry Kissinger and Justice Potter Stewart for this magazine, is a former member of the New York Times editorial board.

Mary A. Benjamin, a well-known autograph and manuscript dealer, is head of Walter R. Benjamin Autographs, of New York City.

Mr. Bennett is assistant professor of American Studies at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University. For further reading: The Townsend Movement , by Abraham Holtzman (Twayne, 196)); The Politics of

Dr. William Bennett edits The Harvard Medical School Health Letter , and he writes frequently on medical subjects. Part of his training as a medical student took place at the Massachusetts General Hospital

Berry Benson was a young Confederate sharpshooter who served in General Samuel McGowan’s First South Carolina Brigade. His memoirs were recently published by the University of Georgia Press as Berry Benson’s

Michael Knox Beran is the author of Jefferson’s Demons: Portrait of a Restless Mind and The Last Patrician: Bobby Kennedy and the End of American Aristocracy .

Professor Beresford, the author of a number of books on the history of the English landscape, holds the chair of Economic History at the University of Leeds, England.

Phil Berger, a former boxing writer for The New York Times and the author of a dozen fiction and nonfiction books, has been researching basketball history since the early 1980$.

—Thomas Berger is the author of Little Big Man, The Return of Little Big Man , and nineteen other novels.

V. R. Berghahn, a professor of European history at Brown University, is the author of several books on modern German history, including The Americanization of West German Industry, 1945-1973 (Cambridge

Laurence Bergreen is a prize-winning biographer and historian. His books have been translated into over 15 languages worldwide. His last book, Over the Edge of the World: Magellan’s Terrifying Circumnavigation

Paul Berman is a contributing editor at The New Republic,  and serves on the faculty of the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute at NYU. A noted scholar on political ideologies, American history, and the

Dennis K. Berman is a reporter for The Wall Street Journal .

Avis Berman is a writer, curator, and historian of American art, architecture and culture. She is the author of numerous books including Rebels on Eighth Street: Juliana Force and the Whitney Museum of American

Anne Bernays is an American novelist, editor, and teacher. She has written extensively for national magazines and is a long-time teacher of writing at Boston University, Boston College, Holy Cross, Harvard

Barton J. Bernstein is a professor of history at Stanford University and directs the university’s international relations program. His article “Why We Didn’t Use Poison Gas in World War II” appeared in the

Michael Beschloss has been called "the nation's leading Presidential historian" by Newsweek. He has written eight books on American Presidents and is NBC News Presidential Historian, as well as contributor to

Alfred Hoyt Bill has lived in Princeton, New Jersey, since 1933 and has concentrated his writing on this area. His books include The Campaign of Princeton, 1776-1777 ; Valley Forge, the Making of an Army

George A. Billias is assistant professor of history at the University of Maine. This article is adapted from Professor Billias’ new book, General John Glover and His Marblehead Mariners , to be published

Historian Ray Allen Billington (1903–1981)was the recipient of the 1974 Bancroft Prize and President of the Organization of American Historians (OAH) from 1962-1963. He authored numerous books including The

Alfred Bingham has been a lawyer, a magazine editor, an author of books on public affairs, a Connecticut state senator, a military government officer in occupied Germany, a workmen’s compensation commissioner

Mrs. Bingham is no stranger to the political arena. A grand-niece of the late Governor Herbert H. Lehman of New York, she is the wife of U.S. Representative Jonathan B. Bingham (Democrat, New York). Her latest

Kai Bird is a historian and Executive Director of Leon Levy Center for Biography at the City University of New York. He is best known for writing about the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Vietnam War,

Tom Birmingham is former president of the Massachusetts State Senate and a Distinguished Senior Fellow in Education at the Pioneer Institute. He was co-author of the landmark Massachusetts Education Reform Act

The late Morris Bishop was professor emeritus of romance literature at Cornell and a frequent and esteemed contributor to this magazine.

The Editors and the author wish to express their deep appreciation to the museums and private owners without, whose wholehearted co-operation these outdoor photographs could not have been taken. Mary Black is

George Black is a writer, journalist, and editorial consultant living in New York City. He is the author of seven books on subjects ranging from India and China to foreign policy and flyfishing, and many long-

David Black is an award-winning novelist, Journalist, and television writer and producer. His latest book, A Bobeh Myseh , will be published by Argonaut Press this fall.

Keisha N. Blain is a professor of Africana Studies and History at Brown University and a 2022 Guggenheim Fellow. Her latest book is Until I Am Free: Fannie Lou Hamer's Enduring Message to America, which

Nelson M. Blake teaches at Syracuse University and is the author of A Short History of American Life . The foregoing article, in a more extended form, appeared in the September, 1955, issue of The

Rudi Blesh, our joremost ragtime scholar, has done much to keep Joplin’s memory alive. He is the co-author, with the late Harriet Jams, of They All Played Ragtime .

David W. Blight is the Class of 1954 Professor of American History and Director of the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance & Abolition at Yale University. Recently, Blight has written

As an editor of The New Republic in the Twenties, Bruce Bliven covered the workings of the Ohio Gang. He now lives in Stanford, California. His new book, The World Changers , consisting of biographical

—Keller is the contemplative hired killer who stars in Lawrence Block’s novels Hit Man and Hit List .

Murray Teigh Bloom is the author of the current book The Brotherhood of Money: The Secret World of Our Banknote Printers .